In 1867, the United States completed the purchase of Alaska from the Russian Empire for $7.2 million, a transaction that brought an end to Russian expansion in North America and extended America’s influence across the Pacific northern rim.
At the time, many Americans criticized the deal, dismissing it as “Seward’s Folly”—a reference to Secretary of State William Seward, who championed the agreement. Despite early skepticism, the value of the acquisition became clear decades later with major gold discoveries and Alaska’s strategic significance during global conflicts.
Russia, reeling from economic strain after its loss in the Crimean War, had struggled to maintain its settlements in Alaska. Facing logistical challenges and fearing British encroachment from neighboring Canada, Russian leaders saw the sale as a way to withdraw from an unprofitable region while strengthening ties with the U.S.
Although Russia first approached the U.S. about selling Alaska in 1859, negotiations stalled due to the outbreak of the American Civil War. It wasn’t until March 1867 that Secretary Seward reopened discussions with Russian envoy Edouard de Stoeckl. The two finalized a deal that set the purchase price at $7.2 million.
The U.S. Senate ratified the treaty on April 9, 1867, and President Andrew Johnson signed it into law on May 28. The official handover occurred on October 18, 1867, securing American control of Alaska and its Pacific frontier.
Following the acquisition, Alaska was largely overlooked and governed under provisional arrangements. The harsh climate and sparse population led many to question the purchase. Critics labeled it “Seward’s Folly,” doubting its strategic or economic value.
That perception changed in 1896 when gold was found in the Yukon region. Alaska soon became the main route to the Klondike gold fields, drawing thousands of prospectors and boosting the U.S. economy. Later, Alaska’s location proved vital during World War II, reinforcing its strategic worth.
The 1867 deal stands as a key milestone in American history. It not only gave the United States access to vast natural resources but also underscored its expansionist ambitions and growing global stature.
Alaska officially joined the Union as the 49th state on January 3, 1959. Known for its breathtaking scenery—featuring glaciers, rugged mountains, and abundant wildlife—Alaska also holds significant geopolitical and economic value due to its oil, gas, and mineral reserves.
